Regulating device for internal-combustion engines.



0-. PODHAJSKY. REGULATING'DEVICE FOR INTERNALVGOMBUSTION ENGINES.

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PATENTED DEC. 31, 1901.

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OTAKAR PODHAJ-blii', Oi. WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA.

REGULATIN Specification of Letters Patent.

DE VIGE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Patented Dec. 31, 1907.

Application filed l mb 6, 1906. Serial No. 34:2,199.

sylvnnie, have invented it new and. useful Improvement in Regulating Devices for In ternsl- Combustion Engines; of which the following is s'specificstion.

The object of my invention is to providelnesns for controlling and regulsting the operation of internal combustion engines and to this end it consists in a novel regulating apperatus, by rnesnsof which the lift of the ad.

mission valve ts well as its point of closure or cut oil may be varied quickly and accuretely '.r.ccord1ng to the load on the engine;

the .ZllOVEtIDGIilof said valve being at ell times a positive one and controlled easily by the governor; and the entire mechanism being as simple, compact, and eilective as pos' sible. I attain these objects by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, in which V Figure l is a section through :1 gas engine cylinder, sud showing also my improved regulating mechanism in section. Fig. 2 is an ensrged longitudinal section through the cylinder of the regulating mechanism.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each of the figures.

The regulating mechanism is shown and i scribed in connection with a horizontallyaictin engine, and with an admission valve controlling the gas and air mixture supply;

this presentation of the invention. is not il'l .s e limitation to engines and valves Gt 2: r n iculer type or form.

to Fig. l of the drawingse l is cylinder provided with an inlet opening above which is bolted to the' linder a valve-casing 3, inclosing the vol e-cugc 4. The interior of. the valve-casing is divided into two chambers, the upper chamber 5 being suitably connected to the gas supply and the lower chamber 6 being connected in upproprizite manner to the air supply. The valve-stein is provided at its lower end with dish live 9, and has also rigidly mounted n. it a cylindrical valve 10, for controlling the supply to the cylinder. The valves 9 and 10 are held closed by means of a spring 1 one end of which bears against the top v of the valve-cage at, and the other end against disk '12, fixed on the valve-stem 8 by means of the extension 56, to which the lever 14 is pivotelly connected by means of the pin 15.

To the right-hand end of the lever 14, by

usual from the main shaft ofthe eiwine. the

roller :l and. the rod being held in proper relation to the cam by the link 25, rocking 0n pin 26, which is suitably supported on any fixed part of the engine frame/the roller 24 being kept in contact with the cam by the spring 27.

F or actuating the mechanism an eccentric ceuld be used instead of a cam, in which case the guiding link 25, spring 27, and pin 26 would be omitted.

A piston 52 is suitably fastened to the valvestem extension 56 and fits snugly but can slide freely in. the cylinder 53, the walls of which are provided with-openings 54, permitting a certain amount of air to enter the cylinder during the downward stroke of the admission valve. The air outlet is controlled by an adjusting screw by means of which certain resistance to the emission of the air can be secured for a purpose hereinafter described.

The n .lmission-valvc actuating lever 1.4 is lulcrumed on the pin 23, supported on the cylinder 22. v

Referring to Fig.2, the cylinder cover 31 is provided with a stull'ingbox 32, forming a tight joint around the rod 51 which passes through it. The piston. 21 fits snugly to the walls of the cylinder 22, but can slide freely in the cylinder, and it divides the interior of the cylinder iixtot vii independent compartments. The lower compartment 33 is filled conuile'tely with any desired incompressible liquid, and the upper compartment 34 is partially filled with the some liquid,provision, however, being made for a cushion of air at the top for a purpose which will be hereinafter explained. The cylinder cover 31 is provided with projections 35, 36.

The cylinder 22 is provided with s by-pass opening 64, which is controlled by the valve 60, held normally closed by means of a spring 61 A lever 61,.carnvin at its end a roller (52 is suitably connected to the valve 6O.

The piston 21 is provided with an auto- 7 spring 59.

The piston 21 is provided with a-'piston rod 51, so connected to the engine frame by means. of the flaring3 openings 51 in the frame, as to permit t e cylinder 22 to move laterally when the pivot 23* is subjected to a. lateral movement by the lever 14 due to the movement of the pivot ,15 following the movement ofthe admission-valve."

Referring to Fig. 1, the admission valve is controlled by the lever 63, pivot-ally connected to the admission-valve lever 14, the other end of the lever 63 being connected in an appropriate manner to the governor of the engme.-

The operation of my improved. regulating device is as follows:Corresponding to the position of the governor, the lever 63 opens the valve 60 sooner or later, and the liquid is forced from the compartment 33 past said valve, the cylinder 22 sliding upwards on the piston 21, thus changing the lift and point of cut-off of the admission valve. During the period that the valve 60 remains-open, the piston-rod 51 will enter more deeply into the cylinder 22, thus increasing the amountof the piston-rod inclosed by the cylinder. To prevent any excessive pressure and resulting leakage of the liquid through the stullingbox 32 and around the stem of the valve 60, the cushion of air hereinbefore referred to is provided at the upper end of the compartmeat 34 of-the cylinder.

In the operation of the device, the pivot 15 moves downwardly while the pivot 23'? is moving upwardly, the purpose of such construction being to assure a constant point of opening ofthe admission valve which would not be realized if the pivot 15 began to move. down only after the pivot 23 has come to rest. l/Vhen full lift of the admission valve is required, the pivot 23 naturally does not .move vertically at all.

Due to the form of the cam, the admission valve would strike its seat with increased velocity when closing earlier. To avoid .this objection and to assure a smooth seating of the admission valve at all times, the cushioning device, consisting of the piston 52, dashpot cylinder 53, adju'stin screw 55?,and

openings 54, 55, hereinbefore referred to, is

provided. After the admission valve closes,

the cylinder 22 follows the movement of the.

rod 20, the liquid passing through the automatic relief valve 58, and also through the valve 60 should the same still remain open.

In the operation of the. device, the pressure in the cylinder 22, due to the opening of the admission valve 9, is confined to thelower or imperforate end of said cylinder, and consequently the leakage of the liquid insaid' cyL ind'er is not lost but merely transferred to the upper end of thecylinder, the pressure being substantially destroyed in the narrow pas sage connecting the two compartments of the cylinder.

It is obvious that my invention is susceptible of modifications in form, construction,

and arrangement of the parts, without departing from the principle thereof; and con sequently I do not limit myself to the particular details of construction and arrangemerit illustrated and described, nor to any particular type of governor andits attachment to themechanism.

I claim 1. A regulating device for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination an admission -valveactuating mechanism, a cylinder closed at both ends one'of said ends "being imperforate, said cylinder containing a substantially incompressible li uid and being provided with a piston divi ing the interior thereof into compartments and with a device controlled by the governor for permitting the liquid to pass from one side of the piston to'the other for the purpose of changing the lift and the cut-off of the ad missionwalve, said cylinder being connected to said admission-valve actuating mechanism and the piston thereof being connected to the engine frame,.whereby the pressure due to the opening of the admissionvalve of theengine is exerted b etween said imperfopiston substantially as 'desubstantially incompressible liquid, a piston in said cylinder connected to the engine frame anddividing the interior of the cylinder into two compartments, an automatic relief valve adapted to open communication between said compartments, a device controlled by the governor of the engine for per mitting the liquid to pass from one compart ment to the other for the purpose of changmg the lift and the cut-off of said admissionva ve, a member for operating the admissionvalve pivotally connected to said cylinder and mechanism actuated by theengine for imparting movement to said member, substantially as described. I

3. A regulating device for internal com.- bustion engines comprising in combination an admission-valve, a device for securtrolled by the governor of the engine for permitting the liquid to pass from one compartment to the other, a lever for opera ting the admission-valve fulcrumed to'said cylinder, mechanism actuated by the engine for imparting movement to said lever, and an partments of the cylinder, substantially as described.

- 4. A regulating device for internal combustion engines comprising in combination "an admission-valve, a cylinder closed at both ends containing a substantiallv incompressible liquid, a piston in said cylinder connected to the engine frame and dividing the interior of the cylinder into two compartments, a device controlled by the governor of the engine for permitting the liquid to assfrom one com artment to the other, a evice by means 0 which the amount. of the incompressible liquid may be kept constant, a lever for operating the admissionvalve fulcrumed to said cylinder, and

mechanism actuated by the engine for imparting movement, to the lever, the pistonor the cylinder being equipped with an'automatic relief valve. adapted to. open communication between the said two compartments of the cylinder,substantially as described.

' 5. A regulatingilevieefor internal combustion engines comprising in combination an admission-valve, a cylinder closed at both ends containing a substantially incompressible liquid, a piston in said cylinder connected to the engine frame and dividing the interior of the cylinder into two compartments, a device controlled by the governor of the engine for permitting the liquid to pass from one compartment to. the other, an elastic spring, amember for operating 1 cushion in'one of the compartments, a lever for operatingthe admission-valve fulcrumed to said cylinder, and mechanism actuated by the engine forimparting movement to said lever, the piston or the cylinder being equipped with an automatic relief valve ada ted to open communication between the saic two compartments ofithe cylinder, substantially as described'. a

'6. A regulating device for internal com; bustion engines comprising in' combination an' admission-valve,.f a piston fixed-0n the spindle of said valve, a dash-pot cylinder inclosing said piston, a cylinder closed at both ends and containing a substantially incom ressible liquid, a piston in said last.-

namei 'cylinder connected tothe' engine frame and dividing the interior of the cylinder into two, compartments, a valve in said cylinder held normally closed by a the-admission-valve fulcrumed to said cy nder, mechanism actuated by the'engine for imparting movement to said member, and ,a valve operated by a lever fulcrumed to said memher for permitting'theliquid to pass from one compartment to the other, saidilever being controlled by 'the governor ofthe engine, substantially as described. a

In testimony whereofI have hereunto set my hand.

' OTAKAR 'PODHAJSKY. Witnesses:

S. H. Bum-HART, R. L. ALEXANDER. 

